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Statistical Communique of the People's Republic of China on the 2006 National Economic and Social Development

Wednesday,January 09,2008 Posted: 11:41 BJT(0341 GMT) National Bureau of Statistics of China

National Bureau of Statistics of China

February 28, 2007

In 2006, under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the people of all nationalities of China, taking as the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of “Three Represents”, adhered to the scientific approach to the economic and social development, endeavored to build a socialist harmonious society, carefully carried out various measures set by the central government aiming at enhancing and improving macro-control and made remarkable achievements in the national economic and social development. The major problems existing in the economic and social development are the extensive mode of economic growth and outstanding relationship within the economic structure.

I. General Outlook

In 2006, the gross domestic product (GDP) of the year was 20,940.7 billion yuan, up by 10.7 percent over the previous year. The value added of the primary industry was 2,470.0 billion yuan, up by 5.0 percent. The value added of the secondary industry was 10,200.4 billion yuan, up by 12.5 percent. The value added of the tertiary industry was 8,270.3 billion yuan, up by 10.3 percent. The value added of the primary industry, secondary industry and the tertiary industry contributed 11.8 percent, 48.7 percent and 39.5 percent respectively to the GDP.

Figure 1: Gross Domestic Product and Its Growth, 2002-2006

The general level of consumer prices in China was up by 1.5 percent over the previous year. Of this total, the prices for service items were up by 1.8 percent. The retail prices of commodities were up by 1.0 percent while the producer prices for manufactured goods increased by 3.0 percent and the purchasing prices for raw materials, fuels and power went up by 6.0 percent. The prices for investment in fixed assets were up by 1.5 percent. The producer prices of farm products were up by 1.2 percent. The sales prices for housing in 70 large and medium-sized cities were up by 5.5 percent.

Table 1: Change in Consumer Prices in 2006 over 2005

Unit: %
Item	National Average
Item	National Average	Urban	Rural
General level of consumer prices	1.5	1.5	1.5
Food	2.3	2.5	2.1
Grain	2.7	2.7	2.9
Tobaccos and alcohols	0.6	0.8	0.3
Clothing	-0.6	-0.6	-0.4
Household appliances and services	1.2	1.3	1.0
Medical, health and personal articles	1.1	0.9	1.5
Transportation and telecommunications	-0.1	-0.7	1.3
Recreational, educational, cultural articles and services	-0.5	0.0	-1.4
Housing	4.6	4.7	4.6

At the end of 2006, the total of employed people in China numbered 764.00 million, or 5.75 million more than at the end of 2005. Of this total, 283.10 million were employed in urban areas, an increase of 11.84 million or a net increase of 9.79 million. The urban unemployment rate through unemployment registration was 4.1 percent at the end of 2006, a drop of 0.1 percentage point over that of 2005.

At the end of 2006, China’s foreign exchange reserves reached 1,066.3 billion US dollars, an increase of 247.5 billion US dollars as compared with that at the end of the pervious year. At the end of the year, the exchange rate was 7.8087 RMB to 1 USD, an appreciation by 3.35 percent over that at the end of 2005.

The various taxes collected in the whole year reached 3,763.6 billion yuan (excluding tariffs, farm land taxes and deed taxes), up by 21.9 percent or an increase of 677.0 billion yuan over 2005.

II. Agriculture

In 2006, the sown area of grain was 105.38 million hectares, an increase of 1.10 million hectares as compared with that in the previous year; the sown area of cotton was 5.40 million hectares, an increase of 340 thousand hectares; the sown area of oil-bearing crops was 13.80 million hectares, a decline of 520 thousand hectares; the sown area of sugar crops was 1.78 million hectares, an increase of 220 thousand hectares; and that for vegetables stood at 18.18 million hectares, an increase of 460 thousand hectares.

The total output of grain in 2006 was 497.46 million tons, up by 13.44 million tons or by 2.8 percent over the previous year; that of cotton was 6.73 million tons, a growth of 17.8 percent; that of oil-bearing crops was 30.62 million tons, down by 0.5 percent and that of sugar crops was 109.87 million tons, an increase of 16.2 percent.

Table 2: Output of Major Farm Products and the Growth Rates in 2006

Unit: 10,000 tons

Item	Output	Increase over 2005 (%)
Grain	49746	2.8
Summer crops	11381	7.0
Early rice	3187	0.0
Autumn crops	35178	1.7
Oil-bearing crops	3062	-0.5
Peanuts	1461	1.8
Rapeseed	1270	-2.7
Cotton	673	17.8
Sugar crops	10987	16.2
Sugarcane	9925	14.6
Beetroot	1062	34.8
Cured tobacco	247	1.3
Tea	102	9.0
Fruits	17050	5.8
Vegetables	58233	3.2

Figure 2: Output of Grain and Its Growth, 2002-2006

The total output of meat for the year reached 81.00 million tons, up by 4.6 percent. Of this total, the output of pork, beef and mutton was up 4.3 percent, 5.3 percent and 7.8 percent respectively. The total output of aquatic products was 52.50 million tons, up by 2.8 percent. The total production of timber for the year 2006 reached 78.00 million cubic meters, an increase of 40.3 percent over the previous year.

Over 1.08 million hectares of farmland was increased with effective irrigation systems and another additional 1.28 million hectares of farmland was guaranteed by water-saving irrigation systems.

III. Industry and Construction

In 2006, the total value added of the industrial sector was 9,035.1 billion yuan, up by 12.5 percent over the previous year. The value added of industrial enterprises above the designated size was up by 16.6 percent and their sales ratio was 98.1 percent.

Table 3: Value Added of Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size and the Growth Rates in 2006

Unit: 100 million yuan

Item	Value added	Increase over 2005 (%)
Value added	79752	16.6
Of which: State-owned and state-holding enterprises	28396	12.6
Of which: Collective enterprises	2558	11.6
Share-holding enterprises	39918	17.8
Enterprises by foreign investors and investors from Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan	22502	16.9
Of which: Private enterprises	15547	24.4
Of which: Light industry	24314	13.8
Heavy industry	55438	17.9

Figure 3: Industrial Value Added and Its Growth, 2002-2006

In 2006, the total output of primary energy reached 2.21 billion tons of standard coal equivalents, up by 7.3 percent over the previous year. The electricity generated in the whole year was 2,834.4 billion kilowatt-hours, up by 13.4 percent. The output of coal was 2.38 billion tons, up by 8.0 percent. The output of crude oil reached 184 million tons, up by 1.7 percent.

In 2006, the output of crude steel stood at 420 million tons, up by 19.7 percent; that of rolled steel was 470 million tons, up by 25.3 percent, that of cement was 1.24 billion tons, up by 15.5 percent; the production of 10 kinds of nonferrous metals went up by 17.2 percent; and the growth of the output of major chemical products including sulfuric acid, soda ash, caustic soda and ethylene ranged from 9.6 percent to 24.5 percent.

In 2006, the production of motor vehicles reached 7.28 million, an increase of 27.6 percent. Of this total, the production of cars reached 3.87 million, up by 39.7 percent.

The output of high-tech products such as mobile telephones and microcomputers rose by a range of 58.2 percent to 15.5 percent. Of the industrial enterprises above the designated size, the value added of high-tech industry in 2006 went up by 18.7 percent over the previous year.

Table 4: Output of Major Industrial Products and the Growth Rates in 2006

Product	Unit	Output	Increase over 2005 (%)
Yarn	10000 tons	1740.0	20.0
Cloth	100 million meters	550.0	13.5
Chemical fibers	10000 tons	2025.5	21.7
Sugar (final product)	10000 tons	949.1	4.0
Cigarettes	100 million	20218.1	4.3
Color TV sets	10000	8375.4	1.1
Household refrigerators	10000	3530.9	18.2
Room air conditioners	10000	6849.4	1.3
Total primary energy production	100 million tons of standard coal equivalent	22.1	7.3
Coal	100 million tons	23.8	8.0
Crude oil	100 million tons	1.84	1.7
Natural gas	100 million cubic meters	585.5	18.7
Electricity	100 million kilowatt-hours	28344.0	13.4
Of which: Thermal-power	100 million kilowatt-hours	23573.0	15.1
Hydro-power	100 million kilowatt-hours	4167.0	5.0
Crude steel	10000 tons	42266.0	19.7
Rolled steel	10000 tons	47339.6	25.3
Ten kinds of nonferrous metals	10000 tons	1917.0	17.2
Of which: Refined copper (copper)	10000 tons	299.8	15.0
Aluminum electrolyze	10000 tons	935.0	20.1
Aluminum oxide	10000 tons	1370.0	59.4
Cement	100 million tons	12.4	15.5
Sulfuric acid	10000 tons	4981.0	9.6
Soda ash	10000 tons	1597.2	12.4
Caustic soda	10000 tons	1511.8	21.9
Ethylene	10000 tons	940.5	24.5
Chemical fertilizers (100 percent equivalent)	10000 tons	5592.8	8.0
Power-generating equipment	10000 kilowatts	11000.0	19.6
Motor vehicles	10000	727.9	27.6
Of which: Cars	10000	386.9	39.7
Large & medium tractors	10000	19.9	22.0
Integrated circuits	100 million pieces	335.8	24.4
Program-controlled switchboards	10000 lines	7404.6	-4.1
Mobile telephones	10000	48013.8	58.2
Micro-computers	10000	9336.4	15.5

The profits made by the industrial enterprises above the designated size were 1,878.4 billion yuan, an increase of 31 percent over the previous year.

Table 5: Profits and Growth of Industrial Enterprises above the Designated Size in 2006

Unit: 100 million yuan

Item	Total Profits	Increase over 2005 (%)
Industrial enterprises above designated size	18784	31.0
Of which: State-owned and state-holding enterprises	8072	27.0
Of which: Collective enterprises	561	29.5
Share-holding enterprises	10073	32.3
Enterprises by foreign investors or investors from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan	5162	26.7
Of which: Private enterprises	2948	43.6

In 2006, the value added of construction enterprises in China was 1,165.3 billion yuan, up by 12.4 percent over the previous year. The profits made by construction enterprises qualified for general contracts and specialized contracts reached 107.1 billion yuan, up by 18.1 percent, with their paid taxes of 140.4 billion yuan, up by 21.0 percent.

IV. Investment in Fixed Assets

The completed investment in fixed assets of the country in 2006 was 10,987.0 billion yuan, up by 24 percent over the previous year. Of the total investment, that in urban areas was 9,347.2 billon yuan, up by 24.5 percent; and that in rural areas reached 1,639.7 billion yuan, up by 21.3 percent.

Figure 4: Investment in Fixed Assets and Its Growth, 2002-2006

In terms of different areas, the completed investment in the eastern areas stood at 5,454.6 billion yuan, up by 19.3 percent over the previous year; that in the central areas was 2,090.5 billion yuan, up by 30.6 percent; that in the western areas was 2,191.6 billion yuan, up by 25.4 percent; and that in the northeastern areas reached 1,052.0 billion yuan, up by 36.2 percent.

In the urban areas, the investment by state-owned and state-holding enterprises was 4,521.2 billion yuan, up by 16.9 percent over the previous year. The investment in the primary industry was 110.2 billion yuan, up by 30.7 percent; that in the secondary industry was 3,976.0 billion yuan, up by 25.9 percent; and that in the tertiary industry was 5,261.1 billion yuan, up by 23.3 percent.

Table 6: Fixed Assets Investment in Urban Areas and Its Growth Rates by Sector in 2006

Unit: 100 million yuan

Sector	Investment	Increase over 2005 (%)
Total	93472	24.5
Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry and Fishing	1102	30.7
Mining	4168	28.9
Manufacturing	26399	29.4
Of Which: Manufacture of Raw Chemical Materials and Chemical Products	2556	19.9
Manufacture of Non-Metallic Mineral Products	1854	33.0
Smelting and Pressing of Ferrous Metals	2247	-2.5
Manufacture of Transport Equipment	1974	25.2
Manufacture of Communication Equipment, Computers and Other Electronic Equipment	1687	38.7
Production and Supply of Electricity, Gas and Water	8196	12.5
Construction	997	50.1
Transport, Storage and Post	11140	25.7
Information, Transmission, Computer Services and Software	1786	14.4
Wholesale and Retail Trade	1885	23.0
Lodging and Catering Services	929	37.4
Banking	118	11.7
Real Estate	21446	25.4
Leasing and Business Services	666	37.0
Scientific Research, Technical Service and Geologic Prospecting	465	9.5
Management of Water Conservancy, Environment and Public Facilities	7453	22.2
Services to Households and Other Services	182	34.5
Education	2114	7.5
Health, Social Security and Social Welfare	693	17.0
Culture, Sports and Entertainment	850	23.9
Public Management and Social Organization	2885	18.3

In 2006, the investment in real estate development was 1,938.2 billion yuan, up by 21.8 percent. Of this total, the investment in commercial buildings reached 1,361.2 billion yuan, an increase of 25.3 percent. The completed floor space of commercial buildings reached 530.19 million square meters, down by 0.6 percent. The total sales of commercial buildings reached 2,051.0 billion yuan. Of this total, the sales of the forward delivery housing was 1,436.6 billion yuan, accounting for 70.0 percent.

Table 7: Newly Increased Production Capacity through Fixed Assets Investment

Item	Unit	Volume
Newly increased power generating capacity	10,000 kilowatts	10117
Power transformer equipment with a capacity of over 220 kilovolts	10,000 kilovolt-amperes	15531
New railways put into operation	Kilometer	1605
Double-track railways put into operation	Kilometer	705
Electrified railways put into operation	Kilometer	3960
New highways	Kilometer	93720
Of which: Expressways	Kilometer	4325
New cargo-handling capacity of berths for over 10000-tonnage ships	10,000 tons	45726
New capacity of telephone switchboards	10,000 lines	3067
New lines of optical-fiber cables	10,000 km	19
New capacity of digital cellular mobile phone switchboards	10,000 subscribers	12818

Qinghai-Tibet railway was fully put into operation on July 1, 2006. A total amount of 11.9 billion yuan worth of investment was completed for the first phase of the eastern and central routes of South-to-North Water Diversion Project. The total completed investment in the Three Gorges Project stood at 131.3 billion yuan. The power generators, which were currently in operation, had produced 49.2 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity in 2006, with an accumulated electricity generation of 146.1 billion kilowatt-hours since the very beginning.

V. Domestic Trade

In 2006, the total retail sales of consumer goods reached 7,641.0 billion yuan, up by 13.7 percent over the previous year. In terms of different areas, the retail sales of consumer goods in cities reached 5,154.3 billion yuan, up by 14.3 percent and the retail sales of consumer goods at and below county level was 2,486.7 billion yuan, up by 12.6 percent. In terms of different sectors, the sales of the wholesale and retail industry reached 6,432.6 billion yuan, up 13.7 percent; the sales of the lodging and catering industry was 1,034.5 billion yuan, up 16.4 percent, and the sales of the other industries was 173.9 billion yuan, up 2.3 percent.

Of the total retail sales by wholesale and retail enterprises above designated size, the sales of motor vehicles was up by 26.3 percent, petroleum and related products up by 36.2 percent, cultural and office goods up by 14.5 percent, telecommunication equipment up by 22.0 percent, electric and electronic appliances for household use and audio-video equipment up by 19.2 percent, building and decoration materials up by 24.0 percent, daily necessities up by 15.7 percent, furniture up 21.3 percent, food, beverages, tobacco and liquor up by 15.5 percent, clothing up by 19.2 percent, cosmetics up by 18.6 percent, and gold, silver and jewelry up by 28.5 percent.

Figure 5: Total Retail Sales of Consumer Goods and Its Growth, 2002-2006

VI. Foreign Economic Relations

The total value of imports and exports in 2006 reached 1,760.7 billion US dollars, up 23.8 percent over the previous year. Of this total, the value of exports was 969.1 billion US dollars, up 27.2 percent, and the value of imports was 791.6 billion US dollars, up 20.0 percent. China had a trade surplus of 177.5 billion US dollars, an increase of 75.5 billion US dollars over the previous year.

Table 8: Total Value of Imports and Exports and the Growth Rates in 2006

Unit: 100 million USD

Item

Value

Increase over 2005 (%)

Total imports and exports

17607

23.8

Exports

9691

27.2

Of which: General trade

4163

32.1

            Processing trade

5104

22.5

Of which: Mechanical and electronic products

5494

28.8

            High & new-tech products

2815

29.0

Of which: State-owned

1913

13.4

            Foreign-funded

5638

26.9

            Others

2139

43.6

Imports

7916

20.0

Of which: General trade

3332

19.1

            Processing trade

3215

17.3

Of which: Mechanical and electronic products

4277

22.1

            High & new-tech products

2473

25.1

Of which: State-owned

2252

14.2

            Foreign-funded

4726

22.0

Others

938

24.4

Trade surplus

1775

Of which: General trade

831

          Processing trade

1889

          Other trade

-945

Table 9: Imports and Exports by Major Countries and Regions and the Growth Rates in 2006

Unit: 100 million USD

Country or region	Exports	Increase over 2005 (%)	Imports	Increase over 2005 (%)
United States	2035	24.9	592	21.8
European Union	1820	26.6	903	22.7
Hong Kong, China	1554	24.8	108	-11.8
Japan	916	9.1	1157	15.2
ASEAN	713	28.8	895	19.4
Republic of Korea	445	26.8	898	16.9
Taiwan, China	207	25.3	871	16.6
Russia	158	19.8	176	10.5

Figure 6: Imports and Exports and the Growth Rates, 2002-2006

The year 2006 witnessed the establishment of 41,485 enterprises with foreign direct investment, down by 5.8 percent; and the foreign capital actually utilized was 69.47billion US dollars, down by 4.1 percent. Of the total foreign direct investment actually utilized, the share of investment in manufacturing was 57.7 percent over the pervious year, the real estate up 11.8 percent, the financial sector up 9.7 percent, leasing and business service up 6.1 percent and transportation, storage and post service up 2.9 percent.

Table 10: Foreign Direct Investment by Sectors in 2006

Value in 100 million USD

Sectors	Contracted Projects	Increase over 2005 (%)	Actually Utilized Value	Increase over 2005 (%)
Total	41485	-5.8	694.7	-4.1
Farming, Forestry, Animal Husbandry and Fishery	951	-10.1	6.0	-16.5
Mining and Quarrying	208	-17.5	4.6	29.7
Manufacturing	24790	-14.3	400.8	-5.6
Production and Supply of Electricity, Gas and Water	375	-3.9	12.8	-8.1
Construction	352	-23.0	6.9	40.4
Transport, Storage, Post and Telecommunication Services	665	-9.4	19.8	9.5
Information Transmission, Computer Services and Software	1378	-7.7	10.7	5.5
Wholesales & Retail Trade	4664	79.3	17.9	72.3
Lodging & Catering Services	1060	-12.2	8.3	47.8
Financial Intermediation	64	10.3	67.4	-45.2
Real Estate Development	2398	13.1	82.3	51.9
Leasing and Business Services	2885	-3.2	42.2	12.8
Scientific Research, Technical Services and Geological Prospecting	1035	11.8	5.0	48.1
Water Conservancy, Environment Protection and Public Facilities Management	132	-5.0	2.0	40.4
Services to Households and Other Services	236	-28.3	5.0	93.9
Education	27	-47.1	0.3	65.6
Health, Social Security and Social Welfare	20	-9.1	0.2	-61.4
Culture, Sports and Recreation	241	-11.4	2.4	-21.0
Public Management and Social Organization	4		0.07	91.1

In 2006, the overseas direct investment (non-financial investment) by Chinese investors was 16.1 billion US dollars, up by 31.6 percent over the previous year.

In 2006, the accomplished business revenue through contracted overseas engineering projects was 30.0 billion US dollars, up by 37.9 percent, and the business revenue through overseas labor contracts was 5.4 billion US dollars, up by 12.3 percent.

VII. Transportation, Post, Telecommunications and Tourism

The value added of the transportation, storage, post and telecommunication sectors reached 1,203.2 billion yuan in 2006, up 8.3 percent over the previous year.

Table 11: Freight Traffic by All Means of Transportation and the Growth Rates in 2006

Item	Unit	Volume	Increase over 2005 (%)